Let us define a Cauchy algebra to be a set with a function , where is the set of Cauchy approximations in and is the set of functions with domain and codomain , such that
A Cauchy algebra homomorphism is a function between Cauchy algebras and such that
The category of Cauchy algebras is the category whose objects are Cauchy algebras and whose morphisms are Cauchy algebra homomorphisms. The set of Cauchy real numbers, denoted , is defined as the initial object in the category of Cauchy algebras.
The Cauchy real numbers are sometimes defined using sequences , with modulus of Cauchy convergence , respectively. However, the composition of a sequence and a modulus of Cauchy convergence yields a Cauchy approximation, so one could define Cauchy approximations as and as , with and following from function evaluation. In fact, Cauchy approximations and sequences with a modulus of Cauchy convergence are inter-definable.